Dry skin is a common concern seen across all age groups and skin types. It can present as tightness, flaking, rough texture, dullness, and increased sensitivity. While many people assume dry skin is simply a lack of moisture, it is often the result of multiple internal and external factors affecting the skin barrier.
For beauty and aesthetic practitioners, understanding the underlying causes of dry skin is essential for effective treatment planning and long-term skin health.
Dry skin occurs when the skin lacks sufficient lipids and water to maintain an effective barrier. A compromised skin barrier allows increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), leaving the skin vulnerable to dehydration, irritation, and environmental damage.
Dry skin can be a skin type or a temporary condition, depending on the cause.
Skincare ProductsThe use of harsh cleansers, over-exfoliation, or products containing high levels of alcohol, sulphates, or aggressive actives can strip the skin of its natural oils. This disrupts the lipid barrier and reduces the skin’s ability to retain moisture.
Incorrect product choice is a frequent cause of dry skin, particularly when treatments are not tailored to the client’s skin condition.
Hormonal Imbalance
Hormones play a significant role in skin hydration. Changes in oestrogen levels, particularly during perimenopause and menopause, reduce sebum production and impair barrier function. This often results in increased dryness, sensitivity, and fine lines.
Hormonal imbalances can also occur due to stress, medical conditions, or life stages such as pregnancy and post-partum.
Medication
Certain medications can contribute to dry skin as a side effect. These may include:
• Retinoids
• Isotretinoin
• Diuretics
• Antihistamines
• Some hormonal treatments
Clients taking medication may experience widespread dryness that requires supportive, barrier-repair focused care.
Sun Exposure
Excessive or unprotected sun exposure damages the skin barrier and depletes natural lipids. UV radiation increases water loss from the skin and accelerates ageing, often resulting in dryness, rough texture, and sensitivity.
Daily sun protection is essential for maintaining hydration and overall skin health.
Climate
Environmental conditions significantly influence skin hydration. Cold weather, low humidity, wind, and indoor heating can all strip moisture from the skin. Conversely, hot climates can increase water loss through perspiration.
Seasonal changes are a common trigger for dry skin flare-ups, particularly in winter months.
Dry skin is rarely caused by a single factor. Effective management requires identifying the primary triggers and addressing them holistically. Treating dry skin without understanding the cause may lead to temporary relief but poor long-term results.
For practitioners, thorough consultation and skin analysis are key to designing appropriate treatment plans and product recommendations.
Management of dry skin should focus on:
• Restoring and protecting the skin barrier
• Supporting hydration and lipid balance
• Reducing irritation and inflammation
• Educating clients on lifestyle and skincare habits
A gentle, evidence-based approach delivers the most consistent and sustainable outcomes.
As dry skin is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in practice, practitioners must understand skin physiology, barrier function, and the impact of internal and external factors.
At Advanced Learning Academy, we offer online accredited courses that support practitioners in developing a deeper understanding of skin health, conditions, and professional treatment planning.
Visit our course prospectus
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